2023 Author: Philip Bishop | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-24 22:24
- Types of wall primers
- Priming walls before plastering
- Priming walls before painting
- Technology and tools for priming walls
One of the most important elements of any repair and construction is wall priming. What is she like?
A primer for walls, floors, ceilings and any other building element is designed to solve a huge heap of problems. The main one is the fastening of the base. It creates a strong film that can withstand heavy loads. She succeeds in this due to the possibility of deep penetration. Such properties are possessed by acrylic types of primers designed for concrete, plastered and putty walls.
The reactive formula, when interacting with oxygen, begins to polymerize (harden). Long artificial polymer crystals grow in the plane of application of the substance, which form strong bonds with each other.
The second task that the primer must solve and successfully carries out is waterproofing. Due to the formation of a dense film on the surface of the base, there is no room for moisture to penetrate deep into the wall. But it is a porous structure.
An important function of any wall primer is anticorrosive and antiseptic protection. When applied to metal surfaces, it provides maximum adhesion of topcoats to the substrate, which ensures the material's resistance to wet environments. When using a primer for loose walls (brick, ASG block, plaster, putty), it acts as an antiseptic. It kills all kinds of microorganisms that are even deep in the structure of the material and create anti-conditions for their future existence and emergence.
Types of wall primers
Today, different types of primers are produced for different types of wall base materials:
- for metal bases;
- for bulk cement porous structures;
- for wood flooring.
There are also some types of primers on the market that adhere reliably even to plastic products, which then allows plastering, puttying or painting on them. They include compound and resinous components.
Priming the walls for wallpaper, the last coating of which is mainly putty, will become an integral process of renovation work. Acrylic-based mixtures are used here. They have excellent penetration properties, which allows you to get a strong and reliable base. Moreover, this is what you need for wallpaper. But even the wallpaper glue itself can be used to treat walls made of bulk materials. It has all the same properties as an acrylic primer, besides, due to its rather thick consistency, the resulting mixture can also become a means for leveling microcracks, micropores and other small surface defects.
When preparing a homemade wall primer to achieve maximum texture quality. So that there are no hardened clots and specks on a perfectly flat wall, a piece of fiberglass mesh is inserted into the container while stirring the glue. All undissolved pieces of glue and debris stick to it, which in the future will allow you to freely dip the roller into the container.
If the walls are made of wood, on which it is later necessary to glue wallpaper, then alkyd primers are used here. They have a characteristic pungent odor, so the room must be well ventilated. A primer under plaster with this material creates a durable coating, because it penetrates deeply into the structure of the wood, holding it together and preventing drying out. Moreover, it is also a good remedy against various parasites.
There is also a primer concentrate on the market for walls, ceilings and floors from loose surfaces and wood. This highly concentrated substance, called acrylic dispersion, is diluted with water in various proportions before use. The proportions of the components depend on the work to be done.
For example, the Bronya primer concentrate is mixed with water in the following proportions:
for facade works - 1: 0.6;
for universal work - 1: 0.8;
for interior decoration - 1: 1.
The proportions of dilution with water and consumption per 1 m 2 of area are indicated on the package, therefore, before using this or that concentrate, you should thoroughly read the instructions.
Priming walls before plastering
Plaster primer plays the most important role in the entire construction or renovation process. When making walls from ASG blocks, brick or concrete, small particles of the same material are always present on its surface. They will be an obstacle to strong contact of the wall plastering solution and even a durable tile adhesive. A primer for plastering walls will solve the issue of chalky dust formation on the surface of these materials, firmly bonding them to the main structure. Many people mistakenly believe that it is enough to just moisten the wall with water, and the solution will adhere perfectly. But this is not so, because after even a small period of time, the lag of the plaster from the blocks or bricks will be clearly visible on the wall cut, and this can nullify all the work done. Therefore, to avoid these troubles and subsequent unforeseen costs, you should take this important step. In this case, it is imperative to wait for the full drying time of the treatment before further work. In case of a loose and suspicious surface, the primer for plastering walls must be carried out several times, allowing the previous layer to dry completely.
The drying time and dilution concentration of the primers are always indicated on the packaging, so be sure to read the instructions before using them. The average period of surface polymerization after treatment is 24 hours at normal humidity and a temperature of at least 15 0 C.
Priming walls before painting
Today there are many ways to decorate walls, which are subsequently painted with different types of paints. But for its strong adhesion to the surface, a primer of the walls for painting is also required. At the same time, depending on the type of topcoat, the type or number of primer layers is also selected. For water-based facade paints, one layer of primer is enough, but when using oil or other types of coatings, it is better to process it in several layers.
Technology and tools for priming walls
Having chosen the type of material, now we will figure out how to prime the walls for painting.
To perform work on priming the walls, you will need a roller, a brush and a container for soil.
Many types of soil, even almost all, begin to set instantly. Therefore, personal protective equipment will also be required. These are rubber gloves, headgear and matching underwear.
It is recommended to use a brush for high-quality treatment of places where the roller cannot penetrate, even with a long nap:
- corners;
- depressions;
- openings;
- protrusions;
- decor elements.
In this case, the brush pile can be any non-rigid so as not to damage the base (putty). The roller should be made of foam, velor or nap.
When applying the primer, it is important to remember that if the surface is heavily soaked, the substrate can be damaged. This is especially true for putty. Therefore, it is better to carry out the process of applying soil to the surface in one movement in one place.
Below is a short video that covers the basic principles of wall priming.
