2023 Author: Philip Bishop | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-24 22:24
- Home decoration methods
- How is aerated concrete facing?
- Fastening methods for facing bricks
- Do openings need reinforcement?
- Fastening with pins
- Using flexible links
- Links from Armplast
- Variants from the Glen company
- Flexible connection ZV-Welle
- Recommendations for use
- Application of masonry nets
- How to lay out facing bricks over a window
The foam block does not look very attractive and needs protection from external influences, for this facing brick is well suited. However, many people have the question of how to fasten the facing brick to the foam block without injuring the removed mortgages, it is quite possible. For this, there are certain home-made and ready-made solutions about which we will tell in this article, and thanks to photo and video materials, you will cope with the cladding of the house with your own hands.
Home decoration methods
Aerated concrete requires mandatory finishing, as over time it can begin to absorb moisture. Additional cladding helps to retain heat, give an attractive appearance to the structure.
It is possible to clad the building using facing bricks, fastening to the wall of which is possible in different ways: this material not only has an attractive appearance, but also reliably protects aerated concrete from damage, cold and moisture.
Insulation can be placed between the cladding and the wall. Another advantage of bricks is the ability to breathe: this will allow to remove moisture from aerated concrete, to give the facade the necessary ventilation. However, if the mortgages were not made initially, a problem may arise, since there is no fastening of the facing brick to the load-bearing wall. This is solvable, there are several ways to accomplish the task.
How is aerated concrete facing?
Fastening cladding bricks to load-bearing walls is one of the most important points, but before proceeding with it, you need to understand the technology as a whole. An important point is the width of the foundation, if brick finishing is planned, it must be of sufficient width for these works. Usually there are no problems.
Fastening of facing bricks to the wall can take place at different distances, it all depends on whether the installation of thermal insulation is planned or not. If there is insulation, then a gap of at least 3 and not more than 5 cm should be left between the aerated concrete blocks and the brick. Insulation should be chosen moisture-resistant, for example, foam or similar materials are good. Ventilation holes will need to be left in the walls. For finishing, either ceramic brick M-150 or finishing is used, the layer is laid in one brick, the installation method is similar to laying the walls.
Fastening of facing bricks to the insulation can be carried out closely. If the insulation is not planned, then the brick should not be pressed against the aerated concrete, otherwise both materials will quickly collapse, since they have different indicators, and there must be an air gap between them.
Fastening methods for facing bricks
Screws are often used to fix facing bricks, since this is the simplest and most inexpensive way to fix materials. The longest wood screws on the market are bought. The advantage of this method is the speed and reliability of the connection.
If the wall has a sufficiently large area, the use of additional fasteners is necessary, otherwise the foundation may lead or the wall itself may be deformed.
The use of mesh or rods in bandaging rows after 3-5 rows is mandatory in any case
Do openings need reinforcement?
Aerated concrete is a rather fragile material; fastening of facing bricks in the case of working with openings should take place in a special way, since their reinforcement is required. If this is not done, the cladding will crack over time; to prevent this during construction, a small metal rod with a diameter of 5 mm is laid in the seams between the facing bricks. The distance can be different, depending on which width of the masonry is used. The elements are connected thanks to spot welding and the use of a profiled rod with the same section. It is important that after the installation of the rod, the seam is sealed tightly.
Fastening of facing bricks to the wall can be done using metal corners, which are attached to anchors or self-tapping screws intended for aerated concrete. In order to make it possible to lay the element, special consoles are attached to the foam blocks. After such a framing, stirrups are placed over the window and door openings, allowing you to create a frame of the required rigidity. This is the most modern method, previously a wide concrete beam was used, which was installed above the opening.
Fastening with pins
Quite often, the fastening of facing bricks with aerated concrete occurs using pins from reinforcement. They need to be installed every 5 rows of brickwork.
Strengthening can be done more often, but it is not recommended less often, the pins should be 1 meter apart from each other. In addition, metal rods are placed between the blocks, which should protrude 10 cm from the blocks.
Fastening facing bricks into aerated concrete using reinforcing pins should be started from the first row of bricks. A hole is made with a small drill, after which the ribbed reinforcement is hammered.
To keep the structure better, we make a slight horizontal slope. After that, overlap the next rows and thus create a reliable strapping of reinforcement. This is an inexpensive but physically demanding method.
Using flexible links
Another reliable way of attaching facing bricks to aerated concrete wall is the use of flexible ties. There are different options and manufacturers. There are several types of these materials: fiberglass, basalt-plastic. True, their cost ranges from 10 to 60 rubles. per piece, and it is not always possible to purchase.
The strength of flexible bonds is one of the key characteristics that is looked at when choosing such a consumable. Craftsmen are aware of the fact that the street part of the wall, under the influence of moisture and temperature changes, can change its size and deform, "walking" relatively to the immovable bearing masonry. The strong balsat fibers allow the outer cladding to resize and move without stressing the wall itself.
Links from Armplast
The flexible connection is a sand-covered basalt plastic rod. The sand cover serves as anchors when joining the walls of concrete panels. Sand anchors provide adhesion to mortar and also protect against corrosion in alkaline concrete environments.
The use of balsatic masonry rods significantly increases the service life of the building.
- Basalt flexible connections from “Armplast” company have a number of advantages:
- Low level of thermal conductivity;
- High rates of flexibility and strength;
- Not subject to corrosion or any other negative effects in alkaline cement environment;
- Not subject to deformation.
Company website
Variants from the Glen company
If you are going to perform work on facing the facade with clinker bricks afterwards, then there is no need to lay flexible connections during the construction of the load-bearing wall, but to use special flexible connections to work on the finished base.
This basalt flexible connection GALEN 6-GAZOBETON is intended for installation in a supporting base made of material with increased porosity: aerated concrete blocks or foam concrete blocks
Material: basalt plastic
- Diameter - 6 mm;
- The minimum anchoring depth is 90 mm;
- Tensile modulus - 51000 MPa;
- Compression modulus - 30,000 MPa;
- Breaking stress in tension, not less - 1000 MPa;
- Breaking stress in bending - not less than 1000 MPa;
-
The value of the
pullout force, not less than N for aerated concrete D400 - not less than 2500 N;
for aerated concrete D500 - at least 3000 N;
for aerated concrete D600 - at least 4000 N.
- Break deformation - not less than 3%;
- Thermal conductivity coefficient - 0.46 W / m * 0С.
- Consumption: depending on the distance between the walls (5-9 pcs / m2). ** The table for calculating the flow rate of flexible communication, see below.
- To fix the thermal insulation, additional thermal insulation clips are purchased
- Length options: 180 - 400 mm.
Video:
Flexible connection ZV-Welle
The flexible ZV-Welle tie is made of stainless steel, designed to tie the front facing brickwork and the load-bearing wall made of dense building material, such as concrete or solid building bricks, and set a ventilation gap between them.
Flexible connection Bever ZV-Welle is used when the supporting structure of dense material has already been erected and it is not possible to use a less expensive flexible connection for installation in the joints of the supporting masonry.
When using this flexible connection for porous bases (aerated concrete, foam block) only for buildings with a low height (up to 4 meters), in other cases for porous bases use the Flexible connection Bever PB 10 with an enlarged capsule.
The flexible connection Bever ZV Welle is supplied with a stainless steel spacer and a nylon dowel.
It is installed as follows: first, a hole with a diameter of 8 mm and a depth of 60 mm is drilled in the bearing wall. Then the dowel is hammered. Then in the installed dowel using a special casing element (found in each package) and a hammer, a flexible connection spacer is installed in the dowel.
Thus, in systems of double brickwork (the inner layer is a load-bearing layer of dense monolithic concrete or solid building bricks and the outer layer of facing brick), the flexible connection Bever ZV-Welle is used in the sequential erection of walls of double brickwork (first the load-bearing base is erected, then the facing masonry).
- Material: stainless steel (tie) and polyamide (dowel).
- Depth of penetration into the seam of the load-bearing wall: 50 mm.
- Depth of penetration into the seam of facing masonry: 50 mm.
- Consumption: depending on the width of the ventilation gap (5-9 pcs / m2).
- Additional Iso Clips are available for fixing the thermal insulation.
- Length options: 160 - 320 mm.
Recommendations for use
With the help of, for example, ties, the facing brick is fastened to the bearing wall, for this it is necessary to choose the right products that must meet the following requirements:
- Products are applicable, if the house is already ready, they can be inserted by drilling holes in the wall at any time.
- One of the ends of the anchor should have a wavy profile, the other should have the shape that will suit your application, for example, for fastening a plate.
- If the seams are tight, a curved end anchor will be required.
- With a spiral tip, they are used for driving into the material.
- If a dowel is used, anchors with a screw tip are required.
- It is worth giving preference to stainless materials, for example, galvanized.
- The diameter of the product should not be more than 4-5 mm.
- In order to secure the anchor, the supporting wall is drilled, plastic dowels are inserted into it, then the connection itself is mounted.
Fastening facing bricks with ties is the simplest and most affordable way. It is necessary to position the anchor in such a way that there are no more than five of them per square meter of the wall, it must be placed in a checkerboard pattern: it is most convenient to only 50 cm horizontally and 40 cm vertically.
If you want to create a framing of openings, a step is taken 30 cm, in this case the most durable fastening of facing bricks and aerated concrete occurs, while the bearing capacity of the wall does not decrease. If the distance from the corner of the building is measured, you should not deviate from them by less than 150 mm, ideally the indent should be 250.
Application of masonry nets
Fastening of facing bricks to the load-bearing wall is very often carried out using a masonry mesh. This is a fairly old but reliable method. The mesh is inexpensive, does not require complex installation, but it should be laid at the time of construction of a wall made of aerated concrete; it will not be possible to attach the mesh to the finished structure. The mesh is needed so that when the structure shrinks, the load is evenly distributed and no cracks appear on the facade. You can use a metal product or galvanized mesh.
Fastening of facing bricks to walls with a mesh should take place every three rows. If a 2-block masonry is used, then a net can be laid every 4 rows. If not very strong blocks are used, more frequent mesh laying is permissible, but in no case more rare. It is necessary to reinforce the row from zero: this will help to firmly fix the cladding, to avoid its damage in the future.
This type of fastening for facing bricks can be made from different materials, for example, steel, fiberglass. When choosing a mesh, you need to pay attention to its rigidity, for example, fiberglass is not suitable for
sections of the wall that are exposed to a large load. The most reliable is a metal mesh, it can be used for any type of building.
Steel has good spring properties, is not afraid of strong physical influences, is strong to break, while it is lightweight and does not overload the structure. This is one of the simplest and most practical bricks for facing bricks. The metal mesh is sharp, so there is a high risk of injury. Basalt in this regard is much safer, moreover, it does not rust, and the loads can withstand the same.
Fastening a wall of facing brick to aerated concrete using a mesh has the following features:
- Withstands loads up to 50 kN / m.
- Has high strength.
- The small weight of the product does not affect the structure as an additional load.
- It can stretch, therefore it has a certain plasticity.
- If you use a metal mesh, cold bridges can form inside the walls, the basalt version eliminates this problem.
- It is worth noting that it is the basalt mesh that is more durable in tension.
- Not afraid of environmental influences. If the mesh is made of basalt or stainless steel, ordinary steel can oxidize under the influence of moisture and oxygen, which causes rust, and the product loses its quality over time.
Conclusion: fastening facing bricks to aerated concrete is possible in various ways, the choice of which depends not only on the cost of products, but also on the stage of construction.
Video:
Video:
Video:
How to lay out facing bricks over a window
When facing a built house with clinker bricks, the question is often how to get around the window and dock with the window, since there is a gap between the wall and the masonry. Of course, there are sophisticated ready-made solutions for fixing bricks around the window, but I take into account their cost and the number of windows turns out to be expensive.
It was easy to solve the issue of joining the window and brickwork using a metal corner 120x120x9 mm and a bent sheet of metal to order. This method made it possible to immediately get the finished result. Perhaps this turned out to be the simplest solution for the device of the upper slope for framing the window when facing a brick of an already built house
If you have your own ways of overlapping a window opening, share in the comments. On this I say goodbye, good luck in construction!
