Calculation And Selection Of Pipes For Ventilation In The Room

2023 Author: Philip Bishop | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-05-24 22:24

Functions, types, selection of the exhaust device
Choosing a pipe for an exhaust system
Material of pipes used
The shape and dimensions of the pipe section
Calculator of the required ventilation performance for the hood in the kitchen
Important installation features
Masking of exhaust system elements

The cooker hood has become an almost indispensable element of home or professional kitchen equipment. Housewives and chefs have long appreciated the favorable microclimate in the cooking zone and adjacent rooms created during its work. The quality of the entire ventilation system depends on the correct choice of equipment, pipes for ventilation in the kitchen, and the material for its manufacture.

Functions, types, selection of the exhaust device

The importance of the hood at the place of food preparation is obvious, because its main tasks are:

removal from the working area of air contaminated with combustion products, smoke, vapors, odors;
reduction of humidity and air temperature at the stove for more comfortable work;
provision of conditions that prevent the appearance and reproduction of unwanted microorganisms;
increasing the durability of kitchen furniture, household appliances and interior items, on which soot, grease and dirt will not settle;
ensuring the inflow of clean air instead of abstracted with pollution;
creation of comfortable conditions for working in professional kitchens and favorable living in private estates near the kitchen premises.

The hood is connected to the ventilation shaft by duct pipes and helps to remove polluted air to the outside.

The following types of hoods are installed in kitchens: flat, inclined, built-in, T-shaped, island, corner, dome, telescopic.

To remove the entire volume of polluted air, the dimensions of the hood must necessarily match or be larger than that of the hob. The minimum capacity (m3 / hour) of the exhaust equipment should be at least 10 times the volume of the kitchen room.

Recommended installation height of the hood:

above the gas stove - 0.75-0.85 m;
over an induction or electric stove - 0.65-0.75 m.

Choosing a pipe for an exhaust system

For the productivity and reliability of the entire structure of the discharge of polluted air, the choice of a pipe for ventilation is of great importance. Let's consider the main criteria.

Material of pipes used

Corrugated aluminum pipes are the cheapest and easiest to install option for organizing the removal of polluted air from the hood. The pipe is based on metal rings. They are wrapped in several layers of laminated foil. Initially, the rings are pressed against each other, the upper shell is folded into an "accordion". During installation, the corrugation is capable of lengthening several times, bending at the required angle. Therefore, it is easy to install in confined spaces and hard-to-reach places.

An incompletely stretched corrugated pipe becomes a source of the characteristic noise of the exhaust system due to the increased resistance of the internal surface irregularities to the air flow. Additional kinks in the pipe also increase the noise level.

Corrugated pipes for ventilation can withstand significant heating (up to + 250 ° C), have significant strength, are resistant to aggressive media, if necessary, they are built up (metal tape is used for connection), and can last up to 50 years.

Exhaust systems made of plastic have a number of advantages that make them the leaders in consumer demand:

Low weight allows one person to mount the entire system, does not require additional fasteners or supporting elements, eliminates additional stress on the suspended modules of kitchen furniture.
High resistance to many chemical compounds and moisture.
Excellent duct tightness with high strength of the mounted structure.
UV resistance.
Simplicity and ease of care, availability and low cost of the necessary detergents.
The ability to operate the system over a wide range of temperatures.
Creation of good sound insulation that does not interfere with a comfortable stay in a room with an exhaust system.
Durability.
An impressive range of plastic elements for the exhaust duct of various shapes and sizes, made of various materials: polypropylene, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride.
Aesthetic strict look of the assembled system.
Ease of installation allows you to assemble reliable exhaust structures from standard fittings.
Plastic elements of pipelines are not subject to corrosion, their material is environmentally friendly.
The smooth inner surface of the pipes prevents the accumulation of dirt and grease.
Exhaust systems with plastic pipes (especially of circular cross-section) are practically silent, in comparison with air ducts made of other materials.

Plastic pipes are more expensive than corrugated pipes. Their installation is more complicated and requires additional transition and connecting elements. After assembly of the pipeline, unused cuttings remain. These are the main disadvantages of plastic pipes.

The shape and dimensions of the pipe section

Corrugated pipes have a circular cross-section, plastic ones - round or rectangular. Pipelines made of round pipes have less resistance, for which they are popular. Rectangular pipes look more aesthetically pleasing, easier to assemble and can be positioned against the wall itself.

section of ventilation pipes for exhaust

The most commonly used pipes are:

Round, diameter (mm): 100, 120 - the diameter of the ventilation pipe for the hood, usually indicated in the instructions; 125 and 150 are also often used by users.
Ventilation rectangular pipes for the hood have the following dimensions, height x width (mm): 55x110, 60x122, 60x204.

Important! For effective ventilation, the cross-sectional dimension of the ventilation pipe must coincide with the area of the exhaust outlet pipe or be larger (then a connection through a transition element is required).

Calculator of the required ventilation performance for the hood in the kitchen

Room type	KitchenBathroom
Room area	m ²
Height	cm.

Calculators from wpcalc.com

If you need to calculate ventilation for a residential area, use the online air exchange rate calculator.

Important installation features

Errors in the assembly and installation of the supply exhaust pipeline can cancel out previous efforts to correctly select the hood, calculate the required cross-section of the pipes used, and select the necessary transition and connecting elements. In order for the exhaust system to work correctly, you should pay attention to the following points of its installation:

The assembled pipeline structure should not have sagging. If a corrugated pipe is installed, its extension should be maximum.
The entire exhaust system must be grounded to dissipate static electricity.
In order not to damage the air outlet when it passes through the walls, special adapters and sleeves are used.
All joints (between pipes, pipes and hoods, pipes and ventilation shaft adapter) must be sealed with a sealant.
Bending the corrugated pipe to radii that are less than the diameter of the corrugated tube used will reduce the pressure and, therefore, the efficiency of the air exhaust system.
The optimal pipeline of the exhaust system has a minimum of bends and bends, its length is up to 3 m, and the bend angles are obtuse.
With a long length of the corrugated duct, after 1-1.5 m, it must be fixed with clamps to prevent possible swinging when the hood is operating.
To connect the pipeline to the cavity of the ventilation shaft, use a special frame with a grille for inlet ventilation, a flange for attaching the pipe and a non-return valve. When the hood is in operation, the valve is closed and prevents contaminated air from entering the room. When the hood is not working, the valve is open - free air circulation occurs.

Turning the pipe at an acute angle or 90 ° will invariably reduce the performance of the entire system by 10%. Several such kinks will make it ineffective, although the exhaust equipment will be overloaded. If it is impossible to change the line of the pipe, it is advisable to increase its cross-section and exhaust power.

Masking of exhaust system elements

Even a neatly mounted exhaust duct may not fit into the design concept of the room or attract too much attention. If the pipeline was assembled from galvanized elements or aluminum corrugation - it will go well with the general high-tech style. In all other cases, the structure must be masked or decorated. Often a way of disguise is:

Ceilings (stretch, suspended). They can also hide elements of other utilities.
Special box made of plastic or drywall.
Installation of a pipeline in suspended kitchen furniture.
Special false panels covering passing communications. They are installed or attached to hanging cabinets and decorated to match the kitchen facade or adjacent walls.

Correctly assembled exhaust system made of correctly selected components is the key to comfortable and safe cooking.