2023 Author: Philip Bishop | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-08-25 07:54
Drill tool
The holes are made by drilling. For this purpose, use drills in the form of spirals, gimbals, electric and hand drills, etc. See the useful article on how to choose a drill for metal, concrete, wood correctly. The drill has a cutting and cylindrical working part, a shank that fits into the spindle (rotating shaft with a fixture for fixing the drill, etc.) of the machine, and a foot. In order for the chips to fly off to the side during operation, two helical grooves with ribbons along the edges are made in the cylindrical part of the drill. The bands are designed to reduce the friction of the drill on the edge of the hole.
The cutting part of the drill is made in the form of a cone. It has three edges: one transverse and two cutting edges. Depending on the metal from which the part is made, the angle of sharpening of the drill is performed in the range of 110-150 °. The drill shank can be tapered or cylindrical. The cylindrical shank is fixed with a chuck in the machine spindle. The taper shank is held in the spindle by friction between the taper of the shank itself and the taper adapter. The drill foot is designed to stop when removing the drill from its seat or chuck.
When working, the drill, rotating, removes the chips from the metal surface and, gradually going deep inside the part, moves along the axis of rotation. If the corners of the drill tip become blunt quickly, this is an indicator that the rotational speed is too high and should be reduced. This can only be done after the drive has been completely stopped.
You need to work with an electric drill with rubber gloves or while standing while drilling with one foot on a rubber mat. In addition, it is necessary to constantly monitor the condition of the electric drill wire. At the end of the drilling work, carefully collect the chips with a broom and discard.
Countersink tool
This tool is intended for finishing conical or cylindrical recesses, as well as chamfers of drilled holes for bolts, screws and rivets. Countersink can be conical and cylindrical. A cylindrical countersink consists of a shank, a working part with 4-8 teeth and a guide pin, which is lowered into the drilled hole, as a result of which the axes of the hole and the recess obtained by the countersink are aligned. The tapered countersink also has a shank and a working end. In most cases 60, 90 and 120 ° countersinks are used.
Countersink tool
The countersink is intended for finishing the holes obtained by various methods (by punching, drilling, forging or casting). The countersink looks like a drill. But unlike a drill with 2 cutting edges, a countersink has 3 or 4. The countersink shank is clamped in a chuck. If the hole is to be drilled with a drill and then finished with a countersink, then the diameter of the drill should be less than the diameter of the finished hole.
Punch tool
The punch is used to make holes of various diameters.
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